Links

2026-09-08T15:16:02Z

Dvernon: /* Odds and Ends */

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[[File:new.jpg]] signifies a recently added item

== Africa ==
[[AI and Robotics in Africa | A collection of links]] mapping out the many aspects of AI and robotics in Africa. 

[https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/JEP/article/view/5290 African Concept of Time, a Socio-Cultural Reality in the Process of Change] (Babalola and Aloken 2013) 
[https://www.ajol.info/index.php/og/article/view/140143 Justification of the concept of time in Africa] (Nnajiofor 2016) 
[https://www.horstkoehler.de/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/On-the-impossibility-of-speaking-of-Africa-Horst-Ko%CC%88hler-2014-English-translation.pdf On the impossibility of speaking of Africa] Speech by the former President of the Federal Republic of Germany, Horst Köhler 
[https://medium.com/@m.shanahan/revisiting-rwanda-60e3afec425 Revisiting Rwanda] by Murray Shanahan 
[https://sdgs.un.org/goals The 17 Sustainable Development Goals] 
[https://globalsouthstudies.as.virginia.edu/what-is-global-south What / Where is the Global South?] 

== Art ==
[https://tatianailiinafineart.com/products/whisper-of-sunshine Whisper of Sunshine] by Tatiana Iliina, 2017 
[https://juliacontacessi.com/products/odyssey?srsltid=AfmBOorz4nS4ELjKbVa975GF-ww3p7J1CDFjNGL36OWRz18f65dKbL6U Odessey] by Julia Conacessi, 2017 
[https://www.petroskoublis.com/in-landscapes-g?gallery=6762ebda9b5df6275eadd203&item=71529f96-68b2-4dd2-86bb-2ddaf9dd18a9 Berenices] by Petros Koublis 
[https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/the-shortening-winters-day-is-near-a-close-102509 The Shortening Winter's Day is near a Close] by Joseph Farquharson, 1903;
also see [https://artuk.org/discover/curations/joseph-farquharson-snow-sheep-and-sun Joseph Farquharson: Snow, sheep and sun] 
[https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/when-snow-the-pasture-sheets-218273 When Snow the Pasture Sheets] by Joseph Farquharson, c. 1915 
[https://artuk.org/discover/curations/joseph-farquharson-snow-sheep-and-sun Joseph Farquharson: Snow, sheep and sun] by Joseph Farquharson 
[https://www.artic.edu/artworks/64818/stacks-of-wheat-end-of-summer Stacks of Wheat (End of Summer)] by Claude Monet, 1890-91; also see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haystacks_(Monet_series) Wikapedia article on the full 25 paintings in the series] 
[https://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/turner-norham-castle-sunrise-n01981 Norham Castle, Sunrise] by Joseph Mallord William Turner, c. 1845 
[https://www.artic.edu/artworks/14620/cliff-walk-at-pourville Cliff Walk at Pourville] by Claude Monet, 1882 

== Artificial Cognitive Systems ==

[[Artificial Cognitive Systems]] (a separate list of links)

== Artificial Intelligence ==
(Also see [[Machine_Learning|Machine Learning]] and [[Robotics|Robotics]])

[[Artificial Intelligence]] (a separate list of links)

== Autonomy ==
[https://direct.mit.edu/books/oa-monograph/5965/Principles-of-Biological-Autonomy Principles of Biological Autonomy] By Francisco J. Varela, Edited by Ezequiel A. Di Paolo, Evan Thompson.

== Cognitive Robotics ==
[[Cognitive Robotics Resources]] (a separate list of links) 

== Computer Vision ==
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1F5ICP9SYLU 2-Dimensional Motion Perception] in humans; seminal video from the 1970s. 
[http://cs231n.github.io/ Andrej Karpathy's course CS231n Convolutional Neural Networks for Visual Recognition] 
[http://salicon.net/ Attention: SALICON eye-tracking dataset] 
[https://massens.github.io/saliency-360salient-2017/ Attention: scan-path prediction] 
[http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A916645&dswid=4229 Autonomous Road Following Application, Use case demo] (its the second last video in the right sidebar) 
[http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/619039/Bag-of-Features-Descriptor-on-SIFT-Features-with-O Bag of Features Descriptor] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FAAyB5jGx_4 Biological Motion] clip from Vilayanur S. Ramachandran 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8TFi6qvPbc Biological Motion II] 
[https://www.pyimagesearch.com/deep-learning-computer-vision-python-book/ Deep Learning for Computer Vision with Python]; great book and software, including a fully-configured virtual machine. 
[https://docs.opencv.org/4.x/d5/dae/tutorial_aruco_detection.html Detection of ArUco Markers] with OpenCV 4.7 
[https://github.com/Sid2697/awesome-egocentric-vision Egocentric vision resources] 
[https://code.google.com/p/head-eye-tracking/ Head Eye Tracking] 
[https://www.pyimagesearch.com/2018/09/19/pip-install-opencv/ How to install OpenCV with pip] 
[https://docs.opencv.org/3.4.0/dd/d49/tutorial_py_contour_features.html OpenCV Python example of contour features] 
[https://openmv.io/products/openmv-cam-h7-r2 OpenMV camera] 
[https://opensource.googleblog.com/2016/10/introducing-cartographer.html Cartographer] SLAM software from Google 
[https://authentic.sice.indiana.edu/publications/Su_Crandall-AffectiveGrowthCV-CVPR21.pdf The Affective Growth of Computer Vision] 
[https://pjreddie.com/courses/computer-vision/ The Ancient Secrets of Computer Vision] J. C. Redmon's cool computer vision course at the University of Washington, Spring 2018 
[https://support.dronedeploy.com/docs/understanding-ndvi-data Understanding NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegitation Index)] and other indices in remote sensing for assessing plant health 
[https://pjreddie.com/darknet/yolo/ YOLO: Real-Time Object Detection] 

== Control ==

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PID_controller PID control]
 
[https://softwareengineering.stackexchange.com/questions/214912/why-does-a-proportional-controller-have-a-steady-state-error Why does a proportional controller have a steady state error] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBc_BHxw78s&list=PLUMWjy5jgHK1NC52DXXrriwihVrYZKqjk&index=1 Why Learn Control Theory] video with links to several follow-on videos on all aspects of control theory 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pi7l8mMjYVE&list=PLMrJAkhIeNNR20Mz-VpzgfQs5zrYi085m Control Bootcamp: Overview] video with links to several follow-on videos on all aspects of control theory 

== Copyright ==

[https://library.cmu.edu/services/copyright Copyright & Fair Use] Carnegie Mellon University Africa 
[https://www.cmu.edu/policies/administrative-and-governance/fair-use.html Fair Use Policy] Carnegie Mellon University Africa 
[https://www.copyright.gov/fair-use/more-info.html Fair Use] in the Copyright Act 
[https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/copyrightinfo/fairuse.html Fair Use and Other Educational Uses] The University of Chicago 
[https://fairuse.stanford.edu/overview/academic-and-educational-permissions/non-coursepack/ Educational Uses of Non-coursepack Materials] Stanford University

== Cybernetics and System Dynamics ==
[https://www.cadmusjournal.org/files/pdfreprints/vol2issue1/reprint-cj-v2-i1-complex-vs-complicated-systems-rpoli.pdf Complicated vs. Complex] A Note on the Difference Between Complicated and Complex Social Systems by Roberto Poli 
[https://davidwolpert.weebly.com/ David Wolpert's website] 
[https://dynamicfieldtheory.org Dynamic Field Theory] 
[https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbot.2016.00014/full Developing Dynamic Field Theory Architectures for Embodied Cognitive Systems with cedar] 
[http://pangaro.com/Pask-Archive/Pask-Archive.html Gordon Pask Archive] 
[https://www.pangaro.com/hciiseminar2019/Heinz_von_Foerster-Ethics_and_Second-order_Cybernetics.pdf Ethics and Second-Order Cybernetics] Heinz von Foerster 
[https://www.jstor.org/stable/42970324?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents Karl Popper] Natural selection and the emergence of mind 
[https://pangaro.com/definition-cybernetics.html Paul Pangaro] 
[https://www.pangaro.com/hciiseminar2019/ Paul Pangaro - The Design of Ethical Interfaces] 
[http://www.systemdynamics.org/ System Dynamics Society] 
[http://www.ashby.info/index.html W. Ross Ashby Digital Archive] 

== Cycling ==
[[Cycling]] (a separate list of links)

== Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion ==
[https://docs.google.com/document/d/1IBtw-VZfhlWDYCcj8o00PP8bJQNxo6IARa4hYf5bASc/edit A Short Guide to Sharing Pronouns for Trans Allies] 
[[Unpacking Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion]] 
[https://commonslibrary.org/the-intertwine-charter-going-beyond-anti-discrimination-and-towards-pro-active-change-to-welcome-others/ The Intertwine Charter: Going beyond anti-discrimination and towards pro-active change to welcome others] 

== Engineering Education ==

[https://wholenewengineer.org/ A Whole New Engineer]: a different way to approach effective teaching and learning (watch the video) 
[https://oli.cmu.edu/repository/webcontent/ac80970d80020ca60078c7f8185aefe0/_u5_hims_implementation_management/_m2_end_user_training_support/webcontent/u5_m2_pg5/Revised_Blooms_Taxonomy.pdf Bloom's Taxonomy] original and revised 
[https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/claude-e-shannon-founder/ Claude E. Shannon] Founder of Information Theory 
[https://csed.acm.org/ CS2023: ACM/IEEE-CS/AAAI Computer Science Curricula] and [https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3545947.3569591 a paper describing community engagement]by the ACM/IEEE-CS/AAAI Joint Task Force 
[https://epiceducationfoundation.org/ Epic Education Foundation] 
[https://vimeo.com/110074717 Epic Challenge Talk] Siemens NASA Boeing Keynote on Educating the Next Generation, with Bill Boswell, Charles Camarda, and Michael Richey 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VheNJF-5kXM Epic Challenge Lecture] by Charles Camarda (video) 
[https://pandemicproof.world/modules/iced/introduction/ Epic Methodology] introduction to the Innovative Conceptual Engineering Design (ICED) methodology (text) 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TPQ3pXGoUFU Epic Methodology] introduction to the Innovative Conceptual Engineering Design (ICED) methodology (video) 
[https://spectrum.ieee.org/search/?q=history+of+technology History of Technology] articles from IEEE Spectrum 
[https://www.timeshighereducation.com/campus/openbook-assessments-dos-and-donts-foster-good-practice Open-book assessments: dos and don’ts that foster good practice] 
[http://www.amazon.co.uk/Project-Management-PhDs-Brigitte-Hertz/dp/9059316193/ref=sr_1_fkmr0_2?ie=UTF8&qid=1437653768&sr=8-2-fkmr0&keywords=project+management+for+phds+de+buin+hertz Project Management for PhDs] 
[https://revisionesg.wordpress.com/ Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area] 
[https://www.usnews.com/education/best-graduate-schools/articles/engineering-schools-methodology Methodology: 2023-2024 Best Engineering Schools Rankings] 

== Engineering Mathematics ==

[https://linearalgebras.com/ten-best-linear-algebra-books.html The ten best linear algebra books]
 
[http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~bapoczos/other_presentations/ICA_26_10_2009.pdf Introduction to Independent Component Analysis - Barnabás Póczos, University of Alberta]
 
[http://www.cc.gatech.edu/~hic/8803-Fall-09/slides/SubSpace-Learning.pdf Subspace Methods for Visual Learning and Recognition ECCV 2002 Tutorial (short version) - Horst Bischof and Ales Leonardis]
 
[http://www.vernon.eu/Bischof_Leonardis_Subspace_Methods_ECCV02.pdf Subspace Methods for Visual Learning and Recognition ECCV 2002 Tutorial (full version) - Horst Bischof and Ales Leonardis]
 
[http://research.ics.aalto.fi/ica/fastica/ Fast ICA]
 
[http://tumic.wz.cz/fel/online/libICA/ FastICA C Implementation]

== Free Energy Principle and Active Inference ==

[https://direct.mit.edu/books/oa-monograph/5299/Active-InferenceThe-Free-Energy-Principle-in-Mind Active Inference: The Free Energy Principle in Mind, Brain, and Behavior] an open access book by Thomas Parr, Giovanni Pezzulo,and Karl J. Friston 
[https://arxiv.org/abs/1705.09156 The free energy principle for action and perception: A mathematical review] and ArXiv paper by Christopher L. Buckley, Chang Sub Kim, Simon McGregor, Anil K. Seth 
[https://jaredtumiel.github.io/blog/2020/08/08/free-energy1.html Friston's Free Energy Principle Explained (part 1)] by Jared Tumiel 
[https://jaredtumiel.github.io/blog/2020/10/14/spinning-up-in-ai.html Spinning Up in Active Inference and the Free Energy Principle] by Jared Tumiel 
[https://www.umsu.de/wo/2013/600 The Lure of Free Energy] by Wolfgang Schwarz (blog) 
[https://slatestarcodex.com/2018/03/04/god-help-us-lets-try-to-understand-friston-on-free-energy/ God Help Us, Let’s Try To Understand Friston on Free Energy] by Scott Alexander [blog] 
[https://slatestarcodex.com/2017/09/05/book-review-surfing-uncertainty/ Book Review] of Andy Clarke's [https://academic.oup.com/book/7843 Surfing Uncertainty: Prediction, Action, and the Embodied Mind] by Scott Alexander 
[https://medium.com/@solopchuk/tutorial-on-active-inference-30edcf50f5dc Tutorial on Active Inference] by Oleg Solopchuk 

== Fountain Pens ==

[http://www.parker51.com The Parker 51]
 
[http://www.richardspens.com/?page=ref/profiles/51.htm Parker 51 History]
 
[http://www.penhero.com/PenGallery/Sheaffer/SheafferInlaidNibs.htm The Evolution of the Sheaffer Inlaid Nib 1959-Present]

== Graphs and Networks ==

[http://networksciencebook.com/ Network Science] by Albert-Laszalo Barabasi 
[https://barabasi.com/book/the-formula Other Books] by Albert-Laszalo Barabasi 
[http://www.graphviz.org/ GraphViz graph visualization]

== Helping People in Need ==

[https://mindleaps.org/ MindLeaps]
 
[http://www.vernon.eu/AfricanGLOTour2018.htm The GLO Africa Tour 2018]

== History of Technology ==

[http://files.righto.com/calculator/sinclair_scientific_simulator.html Reverse engineering Sinclair's amazing 1974 calculator]

== Information Theory ==

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9r7FIXEAGvs&t=7s Shannon Entropy and Information Gain] Intuitive video introduction to the concept of entropy and the equation for entropy 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ErfnhcEV1O8 A Short Introduction to Entropy, Cross-Entropy and KL-Divergence] Intuitive video introduction to these concepts and their use in machine learning 

== Innovation and Entrepreneurship ==

[http://eit.europa.eu/ European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT)]
 
[http://www.eitictlabs.eu/ EIT ICT Labs ]
 
[http://ec.europa.eu/education/library/study/2013/eit-kics_en.pdf EIT Knowledge and Innovation Communities (KIC) Educational Activities Final Report]

== Ireland ==

[https://claddagh.lnk.to/MichaelD.Higgins Against All Certainty], the spoken-word album by President Michael D. Higgins; and the accompanying video [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nh9iHt4bIpA The Betrayal], starring Ciaran Hinds, Eanna Hardewicke, and Ruth McGill. For detailed information, see [https://imro.ie/news/against-all-certainty-spoken-word-album-by-michael-d-higgins-is-out-now/ here] 
[https://www.irishcentral.com/topic/1916-centenary 1916 Easter Rising] a collection of essays on the 1916 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter_Rising Easter Rising], the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence Irish War of Independence] (1919-1921) and the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Civil_War Irish Civil War] (1922 - 1923), leading to the creation of the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland Republic of Ireland] in 1949 
[https://outsider.ie/challenges/road-cycling-events-ireland/ 11 of the best cycling challenges in Ireland] 
[https://www.britishempire.co.uk/maproom/ireland.htm Ireland]: a history of British colonial rule in Ireland 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kRBMO6KaqS4&t=338s Allie Sherlock and Fionn Whelan sing Hallelujah on Grafton Street] 
[http://www.corkbikerental.com/best-touring-bike-rentals-in-cork-ireland.php Cork Bike Rental] Ireland 
[https://www.rollingexistence.com/routes/cycling-the-wild-atlantic-way/ Cycling the Wild Atlantic Way] by Rolling Resistance 
[http://vernon.eu/WAW2024.htm Cycling the Wild Atlantic Way] by David Vernon 
[http://www.donegalcycleroute.ie/ Donegal Cycle Route] 
[https://en.eurovelo.com/ev1 EuroVelo 1 - Atlantic Coast Route] 
[https://www.freewheeling.ie/ Freewheeling] Local bike shop in Dublin 
[https://journeyplanner.irishrail.ie/webapp/ Iarnrod Eireann / Irish Rail Journey Planner] 
[https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/irish-language Irish 101: An Introduction to Irish Language and Culture] 
[https://gersirishcollectables.home.blog/ Irish Collectables and Memorabilia] A collection of memorabilia from Irish history 
[http://www.vernon.eu/talks/Irish_Culture-CMU_2023.pdf Irish Culture] A Five Minute Talk at Carnegie Mellon University Africa in 2023 
[https://www.trailheadcentral.com/Ireland Long-Distance Walking Trails in Ireland] 
[https://rememberingthe1916rising.wordpress.com/ Remembering The 1916 Rising] A collection of information and memorabilia commemorating the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXff6NYJ2ps Riverdance] 
[https://steemit.com/ireland/@donalfinn/whats-the-craic-in-ireland The Craic] 
[https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/the-perfect-book-for-st-patricks-day/2018/03/13/7ffa4554-2609-11e8-bc72-077aa4dab9ef_story.html The Crock of Gold] by James Stephens 
[https://epicchq.com/epic-story-behind-fairytale-of-new-york/ The EPIC untold story behind Fairytale of New York] 
[https://strokestownpark.ie/ The National Famine Museum, Strokestown Park] 
[[File:new.jpg]] [https://www.galwaytourism.ie/connemara/the-twelve-bens/ The Twelve Bens] Mountains in Connemara National Park 
[https://www.thewildatlanticway.com/ The Wild Atlantic Way] 
[https://www.wildatlanticwayonline.com/ The Wild Atlantic Way] Alternative Site 
[https://www.google.com/maps/d/u/0/viewer?mid=16E61vAyo6DlNmiqiija0h27ctAc&hl=en_US&ll=53.453658621237615%2C-8.699149999999994&z=7 The Wild Atlantic Way Map] by Google 
[https://www.discoverireland.ie/wild-atlantic-way/map The Wild Atlantic Way Map] by Discover Ireland 
[https://www.failteireland.ie/FailteIreland/media/WebsiteStructure/Documents/2_Develop_Your_Business/Key%20Projects/WAW_NationalMap_4.pdf?ext=.pdf The Wild Atlantic Way Map] by Failte Ireland 
[https://www.amazon.co.uk/Wild-Atlantic-Way-Pocket-Map-dp-0008580006/dp/0008580006/ref=dp_ob_title_bk The Wild Atlantic Way Pocket Map] 
[https://www.amazon.co.uk/Wild-Atlantic-Route-Guide-Atlas/dp/0955265592/ The Wild Atlantic Way Pocket Route Atlas] 
[https://www.transportforireland.ie/plan-a-journey/ Transport for Ireland Journey Planner] 
[https://www.rte.ie/culture/2020/0605/1145651-you-dont-get-to-be-racist-and-irish-imelda-mays-stunning-poem/ You Don't Get To Be Racist and Irish] a brilliant poem recited by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imelda_May Imelda May] from her book [https://www.easons.com/a-lick-and-a-promise-imelda-may-9780571542390?srsltid=AfmBOooQZ9KvtVd6EUbXLc47zbhmxa4wD4EHjjPZjktb0swAnGJMZ0we A Lick and a Promise] 

== LaTeX ==

[https://www.latex-project.org/get/ Get LaTeX here] 
[http://www.tug.org/mactex/index.html MacTeX] for MacOS 
[https://github.com/HarisIqbal88/PlotNeuralNet PlotNeuralNet] LaTeX code for making neural networks diagrams (and a helpful [https://pub.towardsai.net/creating-stunning-neural-network-visualizations-with-chatgpt-and-plotneuralnet-adab37589e5 blog] about it) 
[http://www.tug.org/texworks/ TeXworks] is a lightweight GUI front-end (MacTeX doesn't come with a GUI). Note: you'll have to set TeXworks Preferences > Typesetting to specify where the MacTeX binaries have been installed, e.g. /usr/local/texlive/2016/bin/x86_64-darwin. 
[https://tufte-latex.github.io/tufte-latex/ Tufte-Latex] Classes for producing books in the style of [http://www.edwardtufte.com/tufte/index Edward R. Tufte] (this is how I typeset my book [http://vernon.eu/publications/14_Vernon_Artificial_Cognitive_Systems_Preamble.pdf Artificial Cognitive Systems - A Primer], published by [http://mitpress.mit.edu/books/artificial-cognitive-systems MIT Press]) 
[https://ctan.org/pkg/pgf?lang=en Drawing in LaTeX using TikZ] 
[https://texample.net/tikz/ TikZ examples] 
[https://texample.net/tikz/examples/the-3dplot-package/ The 3D Plot package for TikZ] 
[http://users.ece.utexas.edu/~garg/dist/listings.pdf The Listings Package] 
[https://nasa.github.io/nasa-latex-docs/html/index.html NASA LaTeX Docs] with great examples and templates 
[https://svenhartenstein.de/latex-vorlagen/creating-questionnaires-with-latex/ Creating questionnaires with LaTeX] from Sven Hartenstein 
[https://texdoc.org/serve/tabularx/0 The tabularx package] 

== Lisp ==

[http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/dst/www/LispBook/index.html Common Lisp: A Gentle Introduction to Symbolic Computation] by David Touretzky
 
[http://landoflisp.com/ Land of Lisp]
 
[http://www.paulgraham.com/onlisp.html On Lisp] by Paul Graham
 
[http://www.paulgraham.com/acl.html ANSI Common Lisp] by Paul Graham
 
[https://sep.turbifycdn.com/ty/cdn/paulgraham/acl2.txt?t=1688221954& Lisp Tutorial] (Chapter 2 of [http://www.paulgraham.com/acl.html ANSI Common Lisp] by Paul Graham)
 
[http://www.gigamonkeys.com/book/ Practical Common Lisp]
 
[http://www.defmacro.org/2006/06/19/fp.html Functional programming for the rest of us]
 
[http://paulgraham.com/index.html Paul Graham's website] ... go here if you want to challenge and change your views on programming, Lisp, and life (start with the [http://paulgraham.com/articles.html essays]) 
[https://github.com/norvig/paip-lisp Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence Programming: Case Studies in Common Lisp] open-source repository for the book by Peter Norvig (1992) 
[https://bnmcgn.github.io/lisp-guide/lisp-exploration.html Common Lisp REPL Exploration Guide]

== Mac ==

[https://www.macworld.co.uk/how-to/drive-not-showing-mac-3613422/ How to troubleshoot an external drive]
 
[https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/macos-catalina-problems/ Common MacOS Catalina problems and how to fix them]
 
[https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60869347/mac-command-line-tools-11-4-no-longer-has-svn SVN is deprecated in MacOS Catalina; here are ways to fix it]
 
[http://guides.macrumors.com/Taking_Screenshots_in_Mac_OS_X Taking Screenshots in OS X]
 
[https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT201236 OS X keyboard shortcuts]
 
[http://opensourcemac.org/ Open Source Mac Software]
 
[https://www.howtogeek.com/187703/how-to-access-folders-on-your-host-machine-from-an-ubuntu-virtual-machine-in-virtualbox/ How to access files from an Ubuntu virtual machine in VirtualBox]
 
[https://askubuntu.com/questions/4875/use-my-webcam-with-ubuntu-running-in-virtualbox How to access a web cam from an Ubuntu virtual machine in VirtualBox]
 
You may need to first install the [https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads VirtualBox Extension Pack] which provides support for USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 devices
 
[https://emacsformacosx.com/ Emacs for Mac OS X]
 
[https://candid.technology/photoanalysisd/ Disable photoanalysisd]
 
[https://support.apple.com/en-gb/102605 Reset the SMC of your Mac]
 
[https://mackeeper.com/blog/usb-accessories-disabled-on-mac/?srsltid=AfmBOooKFaZbOd4v0OsF8Tqvod0MrAc5wKAdRkdb6eer-MbeecEe-XVk How to Fix USB Accessories Disabled on Mac]
 
[https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/how-to-type-letters-with-accents-on-mac/ How to Type Letters with Accents on Mac]
 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2-l3WvWvqg How to install Git on Windows 11] (you'll need Git if you want to install OpenCV on Windows 11 running in a Parallels MacBook virtual machine).
 
[https://learn.arm.com/learning-paths/laptops-and-desktops/win-opencv/2-1-build-msvc/ How to install OpenCV for ARM64 on Windows 11] in a Parallels VM on a MacBook with Apple silicon
 
Remember to update the path environment variable to include paths the bin and release directories: C:\opencv\build_msvc\bin and C:\opencv\build_msvc\bin\Release, and add a system environment variable OpenCV_DIR C:\opencv\build_msvc)
 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JhdyItmtddQ How to install FLTK for ARM64 on Windows 11] in a Parallels VM on a MacBook with Apple silicon
 
  When building new applications, remember to specify
  (a) the location of include files: C:/FLTK and C:/FLTK/build,
  (b) all the libraries in C:/FLTK/build/lib/Release, and
  (c) the following Windows libraries to avoid link errors: 
  C:/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Lib/10.0.26100.0/um/arm64/gdiplus.lib 
  C:/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Lib/10.0.26100.0/um/arm64/WS2_32.lib 
  C:/Program\ Files\ (x86)/Windows Kits/10/Lib/10.0.26100.0/um/arm64/comctl32.lib 
[https://support.apple.com/en-us/102321 Rebuild the Spotlight index on your Mac] This fixes a problem when Finder fails to find files when searching for filenames containing a given text
 
[https://discussions.apple.com/thread/255029296?sortBy=rank How to show hidden files in Finder]
 

== Machine Learning ==
(Also see [[Artificial_Intelligence|Artificial Intelligence]] and [[Robotics|Robotics]]) 
[[Machine_Learning|Machine Learning]] (a separate list of links)

== Neuroscience ==

[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK92864/#ch18_sec1 Did you know that multisensory integration develops late in humans], including [https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2012.00077/full visuo-auditory integration] and [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18450446/ visuo-haptic integration]? 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/mar/04/has-dopamine-got-us-hooked-on-tech-facebook-apps-addiction Has dopamine got us hooked on technology?] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OvVl8rOEncE How a synapse works], part of an online course on the fundamentals of neuroscience 
[https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/apr/05/short-term-memory-illusions-study Human memory may be unreliable after just a few seconds] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMKc8nfPATI The Brain] A video of Paul Anderson explaining the anatomy (structure) and physiology (function) of the brain 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HZh0A-lWSmY The Neuron] A video of Paul Anderson explaining the anatomy (structure) of the neuron 

== Quantum Computing ==
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2024/dec/09/google-unveils-mindboggling-quantum-computing-chip Google unveils ‘mindboggling’ quantum computing chip] 
[https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/google-makes-a-major-quantum-computing-breakthrough/ Google’s Quantum Computer Makes a Major Breakthrough in Error Correction] with a deeper analysis of this breakthrough 
[https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-limits-of-quantum-computers/ The Limits of Quantum Computers] which dispels some of the hype around quantum computing 

== Robotics ==
(Also see [[Artificial_Intelligence|Artificial Intelligence]] and [[Machine_Learning|Machine Learning]]) 
[[Robotics]] (separate list of links)

== Self-Organization and Emergence ==

[https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-information-theory-of-life-20151119/ The Information Theory of Life] 
[https://complexityexplained.github.io/ Complexity Explained] 
[https://www.complexity-explorables.org/ Complexity Explorables] 

== Software Engineering ==

[https://karpathy.medium.com/software-2-0-a64152b37c35 Software 2.0] a blog by Andrej Karpathy (it's from 2017, but still worth reading) 
[https://www.google.rw/books/edition/Programming_Challenges/NN8J9xId7gkC?hl=en&gbpv=1&printsec=frontcover Programming Challenges] by Steven Skiena and Miguel Revilla. [http://acm.cs.buap.mx/downloads/Programming_Challenges.pdf .] [https://onlinejudge.org/index.php?option=com_onlinejudge&Itemid=8 Online Judge] 
[http://paulgraham.com/index.html Paul Graham's website] ... go here if you want to challenge and change your views on programming, Lisp, and life (start with the [http://paulgraham.com/articles.html essays]). 
[http://www.joser.org/ Journal of Software Engineering for Robotics] 
[http://sereadings.blogspot.com.es/2011/05/10-quotes-from-david-parnas.html 10 Quotes from David Parnas] 
[https://github.com/Droogans/unmaintainable-code How to write unmaintainable code] 
[http://www.jesshamrick.com/2012/09/10/absolute-beginners-guide-to-emacs/ Absolute Beginners Guide to Emacs] 
[https://ethics.acm.org/ ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct] 
[https://ethics.acm.org/ ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct] Official Repository 
[https://ethics.acm.org/code-of-ethics/software-engineering-code/ ACM/IEEE Software Engineering Code of Ethics and Professional Practice] Version 5.2, 2016 
[https://www.computer.org/education/code-of-ethics IEEE-CS/ACM Code of Ethics] 
[https://www.hillelwayne.com/post/why-dont-people-use-formal-methods/ Why don't people use formal methods?] 
[http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.8/index.html Version control with Subversion (SNV)] 
[https://blog.osteele.com/2008/05/my-git-workflow/ Oliver Steele's explanation of the Git data transport commands] (nice if you're used to Subversion) 
[https://docs.freebsd.org/en/articles/bsdl-gpl/article.html#:~:text=In%20contrast%20to%20the%20GPL,project's%20or%20company's%20needs%20change. BSD vs. GPL] 

== Trinity College Dublin ==
[https://treasures.scss.tcd.ie/miscellany/TCD-SCSS-X.20121208.004/TCD-SCSS-DeptHistoryFor50thBirthday-v0.30-23-A5.pdf History of the Department of Computer Science, Trinity College Dublin]
 
[https://www.tcd.ie/news_events/articles/memorial-discourse-honours-father-of-computing-in-ireland-professor-john-byrne/ Memorial discourse honours Father of Computing in Ireland, Professor John Byrne]; watch the full discourse on Trinity Monday 2018 [https://treasures.scss.tcd.ie/literature/TCD-SCSS-V.20180409.001/TrinityMondayDiscourse2018-JohnGabrielByrne-OfficialVideoAndAudio-20180409-1130.mp4 here] (it starts at timestamp 5:55)
 
[https://scss.tcd.ie/SCSSTreasuresCatalog/ The John Gabriel Byrne Computer Science Collection]

== Tutorials ==

[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZHQObOWTQDMsr9K-rj53DwVRMYO3t5Yr 3Blue1Brown: The Essence of Calculus] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aircAruvnKk 3Blue1Brown: But what is a neural network? | Chapter 1, Deep learning] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IHZwWFHWa-w&list=PLZHQObOWTQDNU6R1_67000Dx_ZCJB-3pi&index=2 3Blue1Brown: Gradient descent, how neural networks learn | Chapter 2, Deep learning] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ilg3gGewQ5U&list=PLZHQObOWTQDNU6R1_67000Dx_ZCJB-3pi&index=3 3Blue1Brown: What is backpropagation really doing? | Chapter 3, Deep learning] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tIeHLnjs5U8&list=PLZHQObOWTQDNU6R1_67000Dx_ZCJB-3pi&index=4 3Blue1Brown: Backpropagation calculus | Chapter 4, Deep learning] 
[https://towardsdatascience.com/how-to-create-mathematical-animations-like-3blue1brown-using-python-f571fb9da3d1 How to create mathematical animations like 3blue1brown using Python] 
[https://lilianweng.github.io/posts/2018-02-19-rl-overview/ A (Long) Peek into Reinforcement Learning] 
[http://ep.yimg.com/ty/cdn/paulgraham/acl2.txt Lisp Tutorial] (Chapter 2 of [http://www.paulgraham.com/acl.html ANSI Common Lisp] by Paul Graham) 
[https://automatetheboringstuff.com/#toc Automate the Boring Stuff]: introduction to Python 
[http://www.r-bloggers.com/what-does-a-data-scientist-do/ What does a data scientist do?] 
[http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/11/4/12.html Why Model?] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EYPapE-3FRw Feynman on the Scientific Method] 
[https://www.cs.ubc.ca/~murphyk/Bayes/bnintro.html#appl A brief introduction to graphical models and Bayesian networks] 
[http://saliency.mit.edu/ECCVTutorial/ECCV_saliency.htm Visual attention: new directions in saliency research] 
[https://brilliant.org/wiki/poisson-distribution/ The Poisson distribution] and [https://www.umass.edu/wsp/resources/poisson/problems.html Poisson distribution problems] 
[https://developer.ibm.com/articles/cc-beginner-guide-machine-learning-ai-cognitive/ A Beginner's Guide to Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Cognitive Computing] 
[https://developer.ibm.com/tutorials/iot-deep-learning-anomaly-detection-1/ Introducing Deep Learning and Long Short-Term Memory Networks] 
[https://developer.ibm.com/tutorials/iot-deep-learning-anomaly-detection-5/ Using Keras and TensorFlow for Anomaly Detection] (including the use of LSTM) 
[https://towardsdatascience.com/illustrated-guide-to-lstms-and-gru-s-a-step-by-step-explanation-44e9eb85bf21 Illustrated guide to LSTMs and GRUs: a step by step explanation] 
[http://colah.github.io/posts/2015-08-Understanding-LSTMs/ Understanding LSTMs] 
[http://karpathy.github.io/2015/05/21/rnn-effectiveness/ The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Recurrent Neural Networks] 
[https://www.asimovinstitute.org/neural-network-zoo/ Neural Network Zoo] from Fjodor van Veen, The Asimov Institute 
[https://www.asimovinstitute.org/neural-network-zoo-prequel-cells-layers/ Neural Network Zoo Prequel: Cells and Layers] with more detail on how each cell type works 
[https://jalammar.github.io/illustrated-transformer/ The Illustrated Transformer] by Jay Alammar 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0eN_FhEBzs TrinketIO: How to Embed a Python Interpreter in Your Website?] 

== Women in Science, Engineering, and Technology ==

[https://www.asme.org/topics-resources/content/10-influential-women-in-engineering 10 Influential Women in Engineering] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GMOqpxlW66E Science: It's a Girl Thing] This is object lesson on how not to think about women in science: ... so many stereotypes, so much bias, so very sad. 
[https://barbie.mattel.com/en-us/about/barbie-tynker.html Barbie Robotics Engineer: inspiring girls to learn how to write software] 
[https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Rwanda-is-pushing-gender-diversity-in-tech-12496643.php Gender diversity in technology in Rwanda] 
[https://wie.ieee.org/ IEEE Women in Engineering (WiE)] 
[https://www.ieee-ras.org/women-in-engineering IEEE Robotics & Automation Society Women in Engineering (WiE)] 
[https://www.linkedin.com/groups/4558565/ IEEE Robotics & Automation Society - Women in Engineering (WiE)] LinkedIn 
[https://www.inwed.org.uk/ International Women in Engineering Day] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCNuPcf8L00 Julia Gillard's Misogyny Speech] Not specifically science, engineering, and technology, but a brilliant riposte to misogynistic attitudes and gender bias, in general 
[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEIImpjmAq8PkEY60GZAjxw Levers in Heels] Bringing visibility to African women in STEM 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1MWBSSKtnBM Life in The Largest Urban Slum | Delphine Nyaboke | TEDxKigali Women] An inspirational TEDx talk by an engineer who triumphed despite the odds ... and yet, she still faces ongoing challenges, as do all her compatriots 
[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2017/aug/08/why-are-there-so-few-women-in-tech-the-truth-behind-the-google-memo On the gender gap in technology] (read the last four paragraphs if you're short of time) 
[https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/jun/16/the-five-unsung-female-scientists-overlook-credit-stolen-jean-purdy The five: unsung female scientists] 
The [http://www.sheplusplus.org/ SHE++ website] is gone, but you can still watch the [https://vimeo.com/63877454 video], check it on [https://www.facebook.com/ShePlusPlus/ Facebook], or go to [http://www.sheplusplus.london/ SHE++ London] 
[http://rarlindseysmash.com/WiCVis/index.html Timeline of Women in Computing] 
[https://sites.google.com/andrew.cmu.edu/the-no-excuses-list/home The No Excuses List] Women Faculty in Robotics 

== Writing ==

'''Composition'''
 

[https://leadingwithquestions.com/personal-growth/is-this-the-best-you-can-do-henry-kissinger-on-work-ethic/ Henry Kissinger: "Is this the best you can do?"] On the importance of exhaustive revision 
[http://www.openculture.com/2013/02/seven_tips_from_ernest_hemingway_on_how_to_write_fiction.html Seven tips from Ernest Hemingway on how to write fiction] Also useful for writing dissertations 
[https://helenlewis.substack.com/p/the-bluestocking-on-writing The Bluestocking: On Writing] Helen’s Big Rules of Writing 
An example of inspirational writing: [https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2008/06/text-of-j-k-rowling-speech/ The Fringe Benefits of Failure, and the Importance of Imagination] 2008 Harvard Commencement Address by J. K. Rowling, the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHGqp8lz36c video], and the [https://www.jkrowling.com/book/very-good-lives Very Good Lives] book 
An example of inspirational writing: [https://home.dartmouth.edu/news/2024/06/2024-commencement-address-roger-federer 2024 Dartmouth Commencement Address by Roger Federer] and a [https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/6414410/2025/06/10/roger-federer-viral-commencement-speech/ commentary in the New York Times] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/nov/08/salman-rushdie-peace-freedom-barbie-myths-fables An example of great narrative writing]: 'The good guys don’t always win': Salman Rushdie on peace, Barbie, and what freedom cost him. 
[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2014/advanced-information/ An example of great technical writing]: Scientific Background: The Brain’s Navigational Place and Grid Cell System ([http://www.nobelprizemedicine.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Scintific-background_2014.pdf pdf]) 
[https://www.amazon.com/Thinking-Threes-Power-Three-Writing/dp/1877673676 Thinking in Threes: The Power of Three in Writing] 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_three_(writing) The Rule of Three in Writing] 
Brevity: "I have made this longer than usual because I have not had time to make it shorter", Blaise Pascal, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lettres_provinciales Lettres Provinciales], Lettre XVI; also see [https://quoteinvestigator.com/2012/04/28/shorter-letter/ here] and [https://www.quora.com/Who-wrote-the-quote-If-I-had-more-time-I-would-have-written-you-a-shorter-letter here] for details, and [https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=769385 here] for variations on the theme. 
[https://writingcenter.gmu.edu/writing-resources/different-genres/white-papers White Papers] and how to write them 
[https://liberalarts.oregonstate.edu/wlf/what-satire What is satire?] Comprehensive explanation with very helpful examples. 

'''Style'''
 
[http://orwell.ru/library/others/style/english/estyle The Elements of Style] 
[http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/dvm/papers/pedant.txt Rules of English Style] by [https://cpsc.yale.edu/people/drew-mcdermott Drew McDermott] 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_(symbol) Using the prime symbol to designate units] 
[https://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/checklist.html SI Unit rules and style conventions] 
[https://www.grammarbook.com/numbers/numbers.asp Writing Numbers] 
[https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/qanda/data/faq/topics/Abbreviations/faq0095.html 5 am or 5 a.m.] The Chicago Manual of Style on how to write abbreviations for ''ante meridiem'' (before noon) and ''post meridiem'' (after noon). 
[https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/neither#:~:text=Is%20it%20'neither%20is'%20or,those%20are%20going%20to%20work.%22 Is it 'neither is' or 'neither are'?] 
[https://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2012/03/title-case-and-sentence-case-capitalization-in-apa-style.HTML Title Case and Sentence Case Capitalization in APA Style] 
[https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/qanda/data/faq/topics/HyphensEnDashesEmDashes/faq0138.html Axes]: set the X, Y, and Z in capitals and italics, and use a hyphen. 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_spelling Oxford Spelling] and why using "-ize" rather than "-ise" is correct, even in British English. 
[https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/beg-the-question#:~:text=Begging%20the%20question%20means%20%22to,phrase%20itself%20comes%20from%20a To Beg the question] explained (and why one should avoid phrases with esoteric or ambiguous meanings, even when used correctly) 

'''Grammar'''
 
[https://portlandenglish.edu/blog/difference-gerund-present-participle/ Clear explanation of the difference between the gerund and the present participle], i.e. words ending in "-ing" 
[https://www.latimes.com/socal/burbank-leader/news/tn-blr-xpm-2006-08-16-blr-aword16-story.html On dangling prepositions and rules "up with which I will not put"] (here is the [http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/001715.html Benjamin G. Zimmer article] on the quotation) 
[https://www.link.cs.cmu.edu/link/index.html Link Grammar] a syntactic parser for the Link grammar of English, with a neat interactive sentence parser that identifies the parts of speech. 

'''Punctuation'''
 
[https://www.grammarbook.com/punctuation/commas.asp Punctuation rules: commas]; also see Section 2 in [http://orwell.ru/library/others/style/english/estyle The Elements of Style]
 
[https://getproofed.com.au/writing-tips/should-footnote-markers-go-after-the-punctuation/ Footnote markers are placed after the punctuation mark] 

== The Benefits of Taking Handwritten Notes ==

[https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797614524581 The Pen Is Mightier Than the Keyboard: Advantages of Longhand Over Laptop Note Taking] 
[https://www.chronicle.com/article/the-benefits-of-no-tech-note-taking/?bc_nonce=ngt10fme5ya5nw0sfxzd6g&cid=reg_wall_signup The Benefits of No-Tech Note Taking] 
[https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/memory-medic/201303/why-writing-hand-could-make-you-smarter Why Writing by Hand Could Make You Smarter] 
... and on a related topic: 
[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2024/jan/17/kids-reading-better-paper-vs-screen Kids learn better on paper, not screens]

== Odds and Ends ==
[https://www.boredpanda.com/top-100-world-photos-influential-all-time/ 100 Photos - The most influential images of all time]. The [http://100photos.time.com/ link to the original Time website] is broken 
[https://web.archive.org/web/20130315075433/http://www.lhup.edu/~DSIMANEK/administ.htm Administratium] 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apophenia Apophenia] 
[https://www.armandhammer.com/en/articles/baking-soda-vs-baking-powder Baking Powder versus Baking Soda (Bicarbonate of Soda))] 
[https://batteryuniversity.com/ Battery University] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lCpXMy5GalI Bing Crosby & David Bowie] Peace on Earth / Little Drummer Boy duet 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dsDTJ__jioo Breaking waves audio] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyZQPjUT5B4 Bubble-sort folk dance] 
[https://www.cadmusjournal.org/files/pdfreprints/vol2issue1/reprint-cj-v2-i1-complex-vs-complicated-systems-rpoli.pdf Complicated vs. Complex] A Note on the Difference Between Complicated and Complex Social Systems by Roberto Poli 
[https://dev.to/rayalva407/customizing-your-bash-prompt-e5o Customizing Your Bash Prompt] (also see [https://misc.flogisoft.com/bash/tip_colors_and_formatting Bash tips: Colors and formatting] and [https://bash-prompt-generator.org/ Bash Prompt Generator]) 
[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-51235105 Covid-19 pandemic: Tracking the global coronavirus outbreak] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dx6HojLBsnw Dilbert - The Knack] 
[https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2017/9/220429-divination-by-program-committee/fulltext Divination by Program Committee] 
[https://emojipedia.org/ Emojipedia] 
[[File:new.jpg] [https://equal-earth.com/index.html Equal Earth • Political Wall Map] 
[https://libguides.ala.org/filing-rules Filing Rules] for listing names beginning with Mc and Mac 
[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLt47egKbdlqcUHUJ26vUvzS3ppuzLJV9n Flanders and Swann Playlist] 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cr6luwrY2dw Flanders and Swann - Documentary by John Amis] 
[https://www.gurdjieff.org/beelzebub1.htm G. I. Gurdjieff: Beelzebub's Tales to His Grandson], Chapter 1, with the story of [https://www.4c.com.br/gurdjieff_writings_kurd_i.htm The Transcaucasian Kurd] (the red pepper pods story) 
[https://www.trinet.com/insights/generations-in-the-workplace-boomers-gen-x-gen-y-and-gen-z-explained Generational Differences in the Workplace: Boomers, Gen X, Gen Y, and Gen Z Explained] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mRZGdvJQnPU Gyroscopic Precession] is Easier Than You Think! 
[https://www.nytimes.com/2025/08/31/style/kilian-journet-states-of-elevation-14ers.html He Wants to Climb Nearly All of America’s Tallest Peaks. In a Month.] by Scott Cacciola 
[https://www.darpa.mil/work-with-us/heilmeier-catechism Heilmeier's catechism for researchers] 
[https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/16/opinion/jk-rowling-transphobia.html In Defense of J.K. Rowling] (and read [https://www.scotsman.com/arts-and-culture/books/jk-rowling-on-twitter-why-the-harry-potter-author-has-been-accused-of-transphobia-on-social-media-platforms-2877977 a full account of the controversy] by Rhona Shennan in the Scotsman), and a more recent [https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/apr/18/jk-rowling-harry-potter-gender-critical-campaigner update] by Caroline Davies in The Guardian 
[http://xkcd.com/1185/ Ineffective Sorts] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fCNuPcf8L00 Julia Gillard's Misogyny Speech] 
[https://masterplan2020.kigalicity.gov.rw/portal/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=218a2e3088064fc6b13198b4304f3d35/ Kigali Master Plan 2020] 
[https://www.lesswrong.com/ Less Wrong] A website dedicated to rationality. 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_condiments List of condiments] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gXlfXirQF3A Lobachevsky] by Tom Lehrer (also read [https://www.theguardian.com/music/article/2024/may/22/my-songs-spread-like-herpes-why-did-satirical-genius-tom-lehrer-swap-worldwide-fame-for-obscurity ‘My songs spread like herpes’: why did satirical genius Tom Lehrer swap worldwide fame for obscurity?]) 
[https://www.makerbeam.com/ MakerBeam] very neat kits that use 1 cm and 1.5 cm extruded aluminium for building mechanical frames for any purpose 
[https://www.markdownguide.org Markdown Guide] 
[http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Formatting MediaWiki Formatting Guide] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaqR3G_NVoo Merge-sort folk dance] 
[https://xkcd.com/1447/ Meta-analysis] 
[http://ascienceenthusiast.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/eXr9rNa.gif Motion-triggered figure-ground segmentation] 
[https://thecitesite.com/authors/bill-bullard/ Opinion is the lowest form of knowledge] ... the correct attribution of this aphorism to [https://casnocha.com/2007/07/three-things-to.html Bill Bullard], not Plato, and attribution to George Eliot of the highest form of knowledge: empathy 
[https://slidehunter.com/ Slide Hunter] Free PowerPoint Presentation Templates 
[https://www.presentationgo.com/ Presentation Go] Free PowerPoint Presentation Templates 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tas0O586t80 Program in C] The Little Mermaid 
[https://online2pdf.com/reduce-pdf-file-size# Reduce PDF File Size] and [https://online2pdf.com/en/cut-pdf-pages-into-halves Cut PDF pages into halves] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Mqa4zfJdx4&t=1s Retirement Plan] Animated short film by directed by John Kelly, voiced by Domhnall Gleeson, and nominated for an Oscar in 2026. It tells the story of Ray as he thinks about everything he plans to do in retirement, once he finally has the time (only available free in the USA and Canada, so use a VPN) 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=czWLD8H-k7s Retirement Plan - Behind the Scenes - Animation pt 1] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AGh8ImlXeik Retirement Plan - Behind the Scenes - Animation pt 2] 
[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/articles/89511/robert-frost-the-road-not-taken Robert Frost: The Road Not Taken] and how it is almost universally misunderstood 
[https://www.seatguru.com/airlines/RwandAir/RwandAir_WB_Airbus_A330-200.php RwandAir Airbus A330 Seat Plan] 
[http://www.rwenzoritrekking.com/ Rwenzori Trekking] 
[https://www.pc2paper.co.uk/ PC2Paper Send Letters from the Internet] 
[https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/8520610-quiet Quiet: The Power of Introverts in a World That Can't Stop Talking] by [https://susancain.net/ Susan Cain]; and watch her TED talk [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c0KYU2j0TM4 The Power of Introverts] 
[https://symbolikon.com/ Symbolikon] 4000+ symbols from around the world 
[https://www.nbcnews.com/better/health/what-happens-your-body-brain-while-you-sleep-ncna805276 Sleep] What Happens in Your Body and Brain While You Sleep 
[https://www.forbes.com/sites/alicegwalton/2016/12/09/7-ways-sleep-affects-the-brain-and-what-happens-if-it-doesnt-get-enough/?sh=722c0e2753cc Sleep] 7 Ways Sleep Affects The Brain (And What Happens If It Doesn't Get Enough) 
[http://apppm.man.dtu.dk/index.php/Four_Stages_of_Team_Development Teamwork]: The four stages of team development 
[https://ipdraughts.wordpress.com/2011/11/29/10-words-and-phrases-you-should-never-use-in-ip-contracts/ Ten words and phrases you should never use in IP contracts] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q_ML0xjiBm0 The Beatles, aka The White Album] on YouTube; [https://www.thewhitealbumproject.com/ The Beatles White Album Project] A comprehensive look at The Beatles self-titled Double Album Masterpiece 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sj8Sg8qnjOg The Golden Ratio] 
[http://www.phdcomics.com/comics/archive.php?comicid=1431 The Grant Cycle] 
[http://www.theguardian.com/childrens-books-site/gallery/2014/nov/17/best-optical-illusions-ever-clive-gifford-eye-benders#img-8 The Guardian Optical Illusions] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RG9TMn1FJzc The incredible ibex defies gravity and climbs a dam | Forces of Nature with Brian Cox - BBC] 
[https://uxdesign.cc/the-knowns-and-unknowns-framework-for-design-thinking-6537787de2c5 The knowns and unknowns framework for design thinking] 
[http://thepointmag.com/ The Point Magazine] 
[https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/resources/2234/the-story-behind-apollo-8s-famous-earthrise-photo/ The story behind the Apollo 8 Earthrise photo] 
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/There_are_known_knowns There are known knowns] 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=REWeBzGuzCc Video of Donald Rumsfeld's famous use of the knowns and unknowns framework in 2002] 
[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuvRHuqLf6F3tV3jA2cyhUA Tom Lehrer playlist] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2022/nov/24/have-toys-got-too-brainy-how-playthings-became-teaching-aids-young-children Toys and Child Development] one quote, in an article full of quotable quotes: "The best toys are 90% the kid, 10% the toy”, Kathy Hirsh-Pasek 
[https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/Types_of_orbits Types of Orbit] 
[https://askubuntu.com/questions/345083/how-do-i-disable-automatic-remote-printer-installation How to disable automatic remote printer installation on Ubuntu] 
[http://setosa.io/#/ Visual explanations] 
[https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/cogaff/talks/building-roadmaps-sloman.pdf What’s a Research Roadmap For? Why do we need one? How can we produce one?] ([https://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/research/projects/cogaff/talks/#talk42 linked from Aaron Sloman's website]) 
[https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/winprog/windows-data-types Windows data types] 
[https://github.com/tpn/winsdk-7/blob/master/v7.1A/Include/Windows.h Windows include files], e.g., windows.h 
[https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/mar/22/what-is-the-meaning-of-life-15-possible-answers-from-a-palliative-care-doctor-a-holocaust-survivor-a-jail-inmate-and-more What is the meaning of life? 15 possible answers – from a palliative care doctor, a Holocaust survivor, a jail inmate and more] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2025/jan/14/switching-smartphone-for-dumbphone-guide You don’t need a smartphone: a practical, personal guide to downgrading your device]

Artificial Intelligence

2026-09-08T15:13:52Z

Dvernon: /* Origins */

(Also see [[Machine_Learning|Machine Learning]] and [[Robotics|Robotics]]) 
__TOC__
[[File:new.jpg]] signifies a recently added item

== Origins ==
[https://ojs.aaai.org//index.php/aimagazine/article/view/1904 A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, August 31, 1955] 
[[File:new.jpg]] [https://spectrum.ieee.org/70-years-of-artificial-intelligence Commemorating 70 Years of Artificial Intelligence Tracing AI’s journey from research project to transformative tech] 
[https://ojs.aaai.org//index.php/aimagazine/article/view/950 Foundations and Grand Challenges of Artificial Intelligence: AAAI Presidential Address] Raj Reddy (1988) 
[https://www.forbes.com/sites/gilpress/2020/04/27/12-ai-milestones-4-mycin-an-expert-system-for-infectious-disease-therapy/?sh=28c9fe6676e5 MYCIN expert system for infectious disease therapy] A milestone in AI 
[http://www.shortliffe.net/Buchanan-Shortliffe-1984/MYCIN%20Book.htm MYCIN Book] 
[https://www.jstor.org/stable/42970324?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents Natural selection and the emergence of mind] Speech by Karl Popper about Charles Darwin 
[https://rintintin.colorado.edu/~vancecd/phil201/Searle.pdf The Chinese Room] 

== AI in Society ==

[[AI Act Tutorial]], prepared by [https://www.ru.nl/en/people/hildebrandt-m Mireille Hildebrandt], Radboud University, for the [[#HumanE-AI-net | HumanE-AI-net]] European Network of Human-centered Artificial Intelligence.
 
[https://www.ai-fora.de/about/ AI FORA - AI for Assessment] 
[https://ai4good.org/ AI for Good Foundation] 
[https://aiforgood.itu.int/ AI for Good Global Summit] 
[[AI in Europe]] 
[https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/26/technology/ai-elections-democracy.html A.I. Is Starting to Wear Down Democracy] New York Times 
[http://www.vernon.eu/AIML03.htm Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Africa] 
[[Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Machine Learning in Africa]] 
[https://blackinai.github.io/#/ Black in AI] 
[https://www.cooperativeai.com/ Cooperative AI] Foundation 
[https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/data-embassies-digital-sovereignty-explained-mashael-basakran-qxqqe/ Data Embassies and Digital Sovereignty Explained] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/article/2024/jul/06/mercy-anita-african-workers-ai-artificial-intelligence-exploitation-feeding-machine Feeding the Machine: The Hidden Human Labour Powering AI (edited extract)] and [https://www.theguardian.com/technology/article/2024/jul/06/james-muldoon-mark-graham-callum-cant-ai-artificial-intelligence-human-work-exploitation-fairwork-feeding-machine An interview with the authors] 
[https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcomp.2023.1210421/full From fear to action: AI governance and opportunities for all] Frontiers in Computer Science Opinion Article 
[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00146-023-01694-1 Human-centric AI: philosophical and community-centric considerations] featuring Ubuntu philosophy and maximum feasible participation 
[https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/26/well/is-ai-validation-healthy.html Next Time You Consult an A.I. Chatbot, Remember One Thing] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/news/article/2024/aug/08/no-god-in-the-machine-the-pitfalls-of-ai-worship No god in the machine: the pitfalls of AI worship] 
[https://oecd.ai/dashboards OECD National AI policies & strategies] 
[https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/ The Fourth Industrial Revolution - what it means and how to respond] 
[https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/02/opinion/ai-us-china.html The One Danger That Should Unite the U.S. and China]; also see [https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/03/opinion/us-china-ai-trust.html Tom Friedman’s A.I. Nightmare and What the U.S. Can Do to Avoid It] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/ng-interactive/2019/jun/22/the-rise-of-the-deepfake-and-the-threat-to-democracy The rise of the deepfake and the threat to democracy] 
[https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-14108-y The role of artificial intelligence in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals] Nature Communications (2020) 
[https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/info/files/commission-white-paper-artificial-intelligence-feb2020_en.pdf White Paper on Artificial Intelligence] from the European Commission 

== AI in Business ==
[https://landing.ai/resources/ai-transformation-playbook/ AI Transformation Playbook] 
[https://hbr.org/2018/01/artificial-intelligence-for-the-real-world Artificial Intelligence for the Real World] A Harvard Business Review perspective on using artificial cognitive capabilities in business 
[https://hbr.org/2019/02/how-to-choose-your-first-ai-project How to choose your first AI project] Andrew Ng in Harvard Business Review 2019 
[https://www.pwc.com/gx/en/issues/analytics/assets/pwc-ai-analysis-sizing-the-prize-report.pdf Sizing the prize What's the real value of AI for your business and how can you capitalise?] PWC report 
[https://www.irishtimes.com/business/2025/05/26/why-we-decided-to-relocate-the-headquarters-of-our-ai-company-from-the-us-to-ireland/ Why we decided to relocate the headquarters of our AI company from the US to Ireland]
An op-ed by Daryll Williams, Founder, CEO, and Chief Scientist of [https://partsol.com/ Partsol], articulating a visionary stance on the importance of the European AI Act, and the benefits of a symbiosis of innovation and regulation in AI, especially where trustworthy AI is paramount (pdf version [http://www.vernon.eu/downloads/AI_Op-Ed_by_Darryl_Williams.pdf here]). 

== AI Education ==
[https://ai-4-all.org/ AI4ALL] 
[http://AI4K12.org AI4K12] 
[https://www.firstinspires.org/ FIRST: A global robotics community preparing young people for the future] 
[https://courses.minnalearn.com/ MinnaLearn] Three popular courses: Elements of AI, Building AI, and AI for Built Environment 
[[https://neuromatch.io/neuroscience/ Neuromatch Academy]: courses on [https://neuromatch.io/computational-neuroscience-course/ computational neuroscience], [https://neuromatch.io/neuroai-course/ neuroAI], and [https://neuromatch.io/deep-learning-course/ deep learning]. NB: course costs are dependent on location (e.g., cost for students in Rwanda are ten times less than costs for students in Ireland). 
[https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomvanderark/2020/02/12/how-to-teach-artificial-intelligence/#7de1b8135eac Teaching AI to young people] 
[https://wiki.pathmind.com/ The Artificial Intelligence Wiki] A Beginner’s Guide to Important Topics in AI, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning. 
[https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000382456 Inside AI: An Algorithmic Adventure]. Published by UNESCO, this is a graphic novel, for people who want to understand AI and its impact on society. Note: this is an intentionally inclusive book, in all the best senses of the term. For that alone, it's worth reading. 

== State of AI ==
[https://spectrum.ieee.org/ai-index-2025 12 Graphs That Explain the State of AI in 2025] 
[https://aiindex.stanford.edu/ The AI Index 2025] Stanford University - Human-Centred Artificial Intelligence 
[https://www.muhai.org/blog/12-artificial-intelligence/12-ai-at-a-crossroads AI at a Crossroads.] 
[https://www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/ganeshm/GrandChallengesAIMagazineSpring2021.pdf Artificial Intelligence’s Grand Challenges: Past, Present, and Future] Ganesh Mani (2021). 
[http://www.vernon.eu/AIML01.htm Artificial Intelligence - Past, Present, and Future.] 
[https://hdsr.mitpress.mit.edu/pub/wot7mkc1/release/9 Artificial Intelligence — The Revolution Hasn’t Happened Yet] by Michael I. Jordan, with commentaries 
[https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.08630.pdf Cooperative AI] Open Problems. 
[https://spectrum.ieee.org/ai-and-psychology-researchers-debate-the-future-of-deep-learning Will the Future of AI Learning Depend More on Nature or Nurture?] Yann LeCun and Gary Marcus debate 
[https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2025/06/29/business/ai-video-deepfake-google-veo-3-quiz.html A.I. Videos Have Never Been Better. Can You Tell What’s Real?] 
[https://ai-2027.com/#narrative-2027-09-30 AI 2027] D. Kokotajlo, S. Alexander, T. Larsen, E. Lifland, and R. Dean "predict that the impact of superhuman AI over the next decade will be enormous, exceeding that of the Industrial Revolution" 
[https://karpathy.github.io/2022/03/14/lecun1989/ Deep Neural Nets: 33 years ago and 33 years from now] a blog by Andrej Karpathy 

== Limitations and Dangers of Generative AI ==
(But also see [[Machine_Learning#Foundation_Models:_Large_Language_Models_.26_Multimodal_Models|Foundation Models: Large Language Models & Multimodal_Models]] and [[Robotics#Vision-Language-Action_Models|Vision-Language-Action Models]])

[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11197285 AI has a loose relationship with the truth] Jaime Fernández Fisac, IEEE Spectrum ([https://spectrum.ieee.org/ai-misinformation-llm-bullshit longer version]) 
[https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/05/technology/ai-hallucinations-chatgpt-google.html A.I. Is Getting More Powerful, but Its Hallucinations Are Getting Worse] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/jun/06/microsofts-kate-crawford-ai-is-neither-artificial-nor-intelligent "AI is neither artificial nor intelligent"] Interview with Kate Crawford, author of [https://yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300209570/atlas-ai Atlas of AI] 
[https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/1045339.1045340 Artificial Intelligence Meets Natural Stupidity] Drew McDermott's old (1974) but still relevant plea for more critical self-appraisal by AI researchers (see, especially, the last section "Benediction"). 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/dec/31/ai-assisted-plagiarism-chatgpt-bot-says-it-has-an-answer-for-that AI-assisted plagiarism? ChatGPT bot says it has an answer for that] - ChatGPT: '''"It looks like a confident bullshitter that can write very convincing nonsense".''' 
[https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2024/jan/03/botshit-generative-ai-imminent-threat-democracy Beware the ‘botshit’: why generative AI is such a real and imminent threat to the way we live] 
[https://medium.com/@chiayewken/mistakes-of-microsofts-new-bing-can-chatgpt-like-generative-models-guarantee-factual-accuracy-5ec82a7453f4 Can ChatGPT-like Generative Models Guarantee Factual Accuracy? On the Mistakes of Microsoft’s New Bing] 
[https://www.newyorker.com/tech/annals-of-technology/can-computers-learn-common-sense Can computers learn common sense?] 
[https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1kDSERnROv5FgHbVN8z_bXH9gak2IXRtoqz0nwhrviCw/edit#gid=1302320625 ChatGPT/LLM Errors] 
[https://emaggiori.com/chatgpt-fails/ ChatGPT fails] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/feb/26/chatgpt-generated-crochet-pattern-results Crochet enthusiasts asked ChatGPT for patterns. The results are ‘cursed’] 
[https://arxiv.org/abs/2512.19466v1 Epistemological Fault Lines Between Human and Artificial Intelligence] This arXiv article nails the core weakness of LLMs and generative AI 
[https://github.com/ErnestDavis/LLM-Failures/wiki Ernest Davis LLM-Failures wiki] 
[https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcomp.2023.1210421/full From fear to action: AI governance and opportunities for all] Frontiers in Computer Science Opinion Article 
[https://hai.stanford.edu/news/how-trustworthy-are-large-language-models-gpt How Trustworthy Are Large Language Models Like GPT?] Stanford University Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence 
[[File:new.jpg]] [https://www.theguardian.com/news/2026/sep/01/if-you-build-something-vastly-smarter-than-you-it-better-be-on-your-side-can-we-stop-ai-from-deceiving-us ‘If you build something vastly smarter than you, it better be on your side’: can we stop AI from deceiving us?]; also see [https://blog.apaonline.org/2025/08/29/generative-ai-and-four-types-of-deception/ Generative AI and Four Types of Deception] 
[https://github.com/giuven95/chatgpt-failures LLM failure archive (ChatGPT and beyond)] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/apr/01/misinformation-mistakes-and-the-pope-in-a-puffer-what-rapidly-evolving-ai-can-and-cant-do Misinformation, mistakes and the Pope in a puffer: what rapidly evolving AI can – and can’t – do] 
[https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/26/well/is-ai-validation-healthy.html Next Time You Consult an A.I. Chatbot, Remember One Thing] 
[http://jmc.stanford.edu/artificial-intelligence/reviews/haugeland.html Review of John Haugland's "Artificial Intelligence: The Very Idea"] by John McCarthy 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/jun/15/techscape-google-chatbot-lamda-sentient-artificial-intelligence TechScape: why you shouldn’t worry about sentient AI … yet] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/mar/16/the-stupidity-of-ai-artificial-intelligence-dall-e-chatgpt The Stupidity of AI] ChatGPT is "inherently stupid ... it has no relation to reality whatsoever." 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CyyL0yDhr7I&t=244s This is not the AI we were promised | The Royal Society] Michael Woolridge's 2025 Faraday Prize Lecture (if you're short of time, fast forward to [https://youtu.be/CyyL0yDhr7I?t=2788 here]) 
[https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c89n0xykw2go US admits 'unfortunate error' after mislabelling countries on map of Africa] (which was generated with an AI tool) 
[https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/uKp6tBFStnsvrot5t/what-dall-e-2-can-and-cannot-do What DALL-E 2 can and cannot do] by LessWrong. Notice in the first image the physical implausibility of the mannequin fingers morphing into folds in the dress. 
[https://garymarcus.substack.com/p/what-to-expect-when-youre-expecting What to Expect When You’re Expecting … GPT-4] by Gary Marcus (who, in 2022, makes seven accurate predictions about the weaknesses of yet-to-be-released GPT-4). 
[https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/09/crosswords/why-youre-better-than-a-computer-at-solving-connections.html Why You’re Better Than a Computer at Solving Connections] Shafik Quoraishee, New York Times 

== Ethics in AI ==
[https://www.ajl.org/ Algorithmic Justice League] 
[https://ec.europa.eu/digital-single-market/en/news/assessment-list-trustworthy-artificial-intelligence-altai-self-assessment Assessment List for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence for self-assessment] 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/nov/12/deep-fakes-fake-news-truth Deep fakes: one element of the dark side of AI and ML] 
[https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=60419 Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI] from the European Commission 
[https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/10/top-10-ethical-issues-in-artificial-intelligence/ Ethical issues in AI] 
[https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rsta.2018.0080 Governing artificial intelligence: ethical, legal and technical opportunities and challenges] 
[https://clawar.org/conference-proceedings/icres-conference/ International Conference on Robot Ethics and Standards ICRES] 

== European Union AI Act ==
[[AI Act Tutorial]], prepared by [https://www.ru.nl/en/people/hildebrandt-m Mireille Hildebrandt], Radboud University, for the [[#HumanE-AI-net | HumanE-AI-net]] European Network of Human-centered Artificial Intelligence (also available on the [https://www.humane-ai.eu/event/tutorial-on-the-proposal-for-an-ai-act/ HumanE-AI-net website]) 
[https://www.humane-ai.eu/event/second-tutorial-on-the-ai-act/ Second Tutorial on the AI Act] prepared by [https://lsts.research.vub.be/gianmarco-gori Giancarlo Gori], Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), addressing the relevance of the final version of the AI Act for human-centric AI. 
[https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20230601STO93804/eu-ai-act-first-regulation-on-artificial-intelligence EU AI Act: first regulation on artificial intelligence] Overview of the AI Act from the European Parliament 
[https://www.williamfry.com/knowledge/the-time-to-ai-act-is-now-a-practical-guide-to-the-ai-ac The Time to (AI) Act is Now: A Practical Guide to the AI Act] by William Fry, Irish corporate law firm 
[https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_21_1683 Artificial Intelligence – Questions and Answers] European Commission 
[https://www.irishtimes.com/business/2025/05/26/why-we-decided-to-relocate-the-headquarters-of-our-ai-company-from-the-us-to-ireland/ Why we decided to relocate the headquarters of our AI company from the US to Ireland]
An op-ed by Daryll Williams, Founder, CEO, and Chief Scientist of [https://partsol.com/ Partsol] (pdf version [http://www.vernon.eu/downloads/AI_Op-Ed_by_Darryl_Williams.pdf here]) 
[https://www.siliconrepublic.com/business/eu-ai-act-irish-innovation-regulation-us-partsol Opinion: Why EU AI Act is good for Irish innovation] 

== AI Applications and Resources ==
[https://colab.research.google.com/?utm_source=scs-index Colab] from Google 
[https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2021/12/256930-digital-agriculture-for-small-scale-producers/fulltext Digital Agriculture for Small-Scale Producers: Challenges and Opportunities] CACM (2021) 
[https://www.bentoml.com/blog/a-guide-to-open-source-image-generation-models A Guide to Open-Source Image Generation Models] 

== AI Science and Technology ==
[[File:new.jpg]] [https://aaai.org/about-aaai/presidential-panel-on-the-future-of-ai-research/ AAAI 2025 Presidential Panel on the Future of AI Research] 
[https://spectrum.ieee.org/prompt-engineering-is-dead AI Prompt Engineering is Dead] Long live AI prompt engineering (IEEE Spectrum) 
[https://eng.bigai.ai/ Beijing Institute for General Artificial Intelligence (BIGAI)] "Pursuing a Unified Theory of Artificial Intelligence to Create General Intelligent Agents for Lifting Humanity" '''but not based on foundation models'''; 
see also this insightful [https://www.theguardian.com/news/ng-interactive/2025/sep/16/song-chun-zhu-why-one-of-the-worlds-most-brilliant-ai-scientists-left-the-us-for-china article] about Song-Chun Zhu, the director of BIGAI, and his vision of the future of AI 
[http://agisi.org/Defs_intelligence.html Definitions of Artificial and Human Intelligence] 
[https://dynamicfieldtheory.org/ Dynamic Field Theory] 
[https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper_files/paper/2023/file/57a9b97477b67936298489e3c1417b0a-Paper-Conference.pdf Energy Transformer] NeurIPS 2023 (note: ''Energy Transformers'' are not the same as ''Energy-Based Transformers'') 
[https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.02092 Energy-Based Transformers are Scalable Learners and Thinkers] arXiv:2507.02092 (Note: ''Energy-Based Transformers'' are not the same as ''Energy Transformers'') 
[https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.02217 Hopfield Networks is All You Need] arXiv:2008.02217 
[https://ml-jku.github.io/hopfield-layers/ Hopfield Networks is All You Need] blog post 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/ng-interactive/2023/nov/01/how-ai-chatbots-like-chatgpt-or-bard-work-visual-explainer How AI chatbots like ChatGPT or Bard work – visual explainer] 
[https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/26/technology/ai-reasoning-chatgpt-deepseek.html How Artificial Intelligence Reasons] New York Times 
[https://researcher.watson.ibm.com/researcher/view_group.php?id=10897 IBM Neuro-Symbolic AI Workshop 2022] 
[https://ibm.github.io/neuro-symbolic-ai/events/ns-summerschool2022/ IBM Neuro-Symbolic AI Summer School] 
[https://laion.ai/ LAION] Large-scale Artificial Intelligence Open Network 
[https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/jun/15/techscape-google-chatbot-lamda-sentient-artificial-intelligence LaMDA], Google natural language foundation model 
[https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.05876.pdf Neurosymbolic AI: The Third Wave] 
[https://github.com/norvig/paip-lisp Paradigms of Artificial Intelligence Programming: Case Studies in Common Lisp] open-source repository for the book by Peter Norvig (1992) 
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=21EYKqUsPfg Richard Sutton – Father of RL thinks LLMs are a dead end], an interview with Dwarkesh Patel; also watch [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EwhHUQuqiaQ Richard Sutton and Dwarkesh Patel – speaking two different languages] for an explanation of their different perspectives 
[https://www.aaai.org/Magazine/Watson/watson.php The AI behind Watson] 
[[File:new.jpg]] [https://www.theguardian.com/news/ng-interactive/2026/sep/08/this-is-dangerous-slime-moulds-and-the-bitter-debate-over-the-nature-of-intelligence ‘This is dangerous’: slime moulds and the bitter debate over the nature of intelligence] 
[[File:new.jpg]] [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11479385 Top 10 Most Influential Papers in Artificial Intelligence Since 2000] 
[https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/mamba-model What is a Mamba model?] 
[https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/agentic-ai/ What is Agentic AI?] AWS 
[https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/agentic-ai What is Agentic AI?] IBM 
[https://writings.stephenwolfram.com/2023/02/what-is-chatgpt-doing-and-why-does-it-work/ What Is ChatGPT Doing ... and Why Does It Work?] (and a lot more besides) by Stephen Wolfram 
[https://www.darpa.mil/program/explainable-artificial-intelligence XAI] Explainable Artificial Intelligence 
[https://medium.com/syncedreview/yann-lecun-cake-analogy-2-0-a361da560dae Yann LeCun Cake Analogy 2.0] 

== Humour ==
[https://lafavephilosophy.x10host.com/meat_in_space.html Meat in Space] By Terry Bisson, from a set of stories entitled Alien/Nation